Lactose Intolerance

Deficiency of lactase

Aetiology

  • Absorption of lactose is dependent upon the enzyme lactase, which is is present in the tips of the villi of the small intestine
  • The two main types of lactase deficiency are:
    • Primary - autosomal recessive (hereditary)
    • Secondary - follows damage to the intestinal mucosa e.g. acute gastroenteritis

Clinical presentation

  • History of the induction of diarrhoea, abdominal discomfort, and flatulence following the injection of dairy products

Investigations

  • Lactose breath hydrogen test or oral lactose intolerance test

Management

  • Lactose free diet